77 years ago.. This is how the emergence of the People's Republic of China was announced

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Today, October 1, 2026, the People's Republic of China commemorates the 77th anniversary of its founding by Mao Zedong. Beijing is preparing to celebrate this annual occasion amid many developments at the internal and external levels.

Internally, Xi Jinping faces several challenges, and externally, the People's Republic of China continues its pressure on Taiwan in conjunction with the Strait of Hormuz crisis and the decline in its oil imports that pass through this strait.

Trade crises also continue between Beijing and Washington, despite the emergence of signs of relief on the horizon following the recent meeting between Trump and Xi Jinping.

Communist control of the mainland

In addition, before declaring the founding of the People's Republic of China, China lived through a civil war that lasted for many years and left a large number of victims. This war began in the mid-1920s and pitted the Communists against the Nationalists.

During the first period of the war, Mao Zedong gathered around him large numbers of peasants and workers and headed towards the forests after being pursued by the Nationalists led by Chiang Kai-shek. Between 1934 and 1935, the communists led what was known as the Long March, during which they withdrew thousands of kilometers towards the north and west to escape the nationalists.

But by 1937, the civil war had temporarily stopped and the communists and nationalists united following the Japanese invasion of the country.

Following the end of World War II and the surrender of Japan, the Chinese Civil War resumed in 1946, and over the next two years it witnessed rapid advances by the Communists led by Mao Zedong. By 1949, the Communists controlled Beijing, Shanghai, and Nanjing while the Nationalist government, led by Chiang Kai-shek, fled to the island of Taiwan.

Declaration of the establishment of the People's Republic of China

On October 1, 1949, Beijing was at the heart of the event, as the latter witnessed the official announcement of the establishment of the People's Republic of China and the celebrations that accompanied this event.

Since the early morning hours of that day, the authorities set out to prepare and organize Tiananmen Square, also known as Sky Square. At around two o'clock in the evening, the new Central Committee of the People's Government met and its leaders were sworn in. Following this ceremony, Mao Zedong and his companions headed towards Heaven Square and the areas adjacent to it, where hundreds of thousands of Chinese gathered to celebrate this occasion.

As official Lin Boqu announced the official start of the celebration around three o'clock in the evening, Mao Zedong delivered a speech in which he said, "Today the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China has been established." After playing the official anthem known as the March of the Volunteers, which was provisionally adopted on September 27, 1949, raising the Chinese flag and firing dozens of artillery shells, Mao Zedong continued his speech and announced the establishment of the People's Republic of China. Later, Sky Square witnessed celebrations and a military parade in which about 15,000 members of the People's Liberation Army participated and was classified as the largest military parade in the history of modern China.

With the announcement of the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the Soviet Union quickly announced its recognition of it the next day, followed by Romania, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Hungary, North Korea, Poland, Mongolia, Albania, North Vietnam, and East Germany. In contrast, it took a period of time for Western countries to recognize the Beijing government as the official representative of the Chinese people.